| HS Code | 377797 |
| Density | 1.24 g/cm³ |
| Melt Flow Rate | 10-15 g/10 min (190°C/2.16 kg) |
| Glass Transition Temperature | 60°C |
| Melting Temperature | 170°C |
| Tensile Strength | 60 MPa |
| Elongation At Break | 5% |
| Flexural Strength | 80 MPa |
| Flexural Modulus | 3000 MPa |
| Notched Izod Impact Strength | 2.5 kJ/m² |
| Heat Deflection Temperature | 55°C |
| Vicat Softening Temperature | 60°C |
| Moisture Content | ≤0.5% |
| Residual Lactide Monomer | ≤0.3% |
| Ash Content | ≤0.1% |
As an accredited BBCA Polylactic Acid (PLA) FY601 factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | BBCA Polylactic Acid (PLA) FY601 is packaged in 25 kg moisture-barrier bags, stacked on pallets and stretch-wrapped for transport. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loading of BBCA Polylactic Acid (PLA) FY601, securely packed, palletized, and stowed for international ocean shipment. |
| Shipping | BBCA Polylactic Acid (PLA) FY601 is shipped as non-hazardous polymer pellets/resin. It is not classified as dangerous goods for transport. Standard packaging includes 25 kg bags, jumbo bags, or bulk containers. Store in a cool, dry area, protected from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight. |
| Storage | Store BBCA Polylactic Acid (PLA) FY601 in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, protected from direct sunlight, heat, moisture, and ignition sources. Keep original packaging tightly sealed and separate from strong oxidizers, acids, and alkalis. Maintain moderate temperature and low humidity; avoid prolonged exposure to humid air. Rotate stock first-in, first-out, and use within the recommended shelf life. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is 24 months in sealed original packaging when stored cool, dry, and ventilated, away from direct sunlight and moisture. |
PLA FY601 process parameters are confirmed against the producer’s certificate of analysis; the operating bands below are industrial process windows, not specification limits. Before moulding, pellets are dried in a desiccant wheel dryer at 80 °C for 4 h with a dew point of −40 °C, and residual moisture is held below 250 ppm using Karl Fischer titration according to ISO 15512:2019. Barrel profiles are ramped from 175 °C at the feed throat to 195–210 °C at the nozzle; a flat profile above 200 °C across more than 60% of the barrel length accelerates random chain scission and causes gate splay. A mould temperature of 25–35 °C preserves amorphous transparency for spoons and forks, while 90–110 °C is applied to crystallising knife blanks in tools with side gating and vent depths of 0.02–0.03 mm. Injection pressure is maintained at 80–120 MPa, with hold pressure switched at 95–98% volumetric fill to avoid overpacking in thin tine sections. Screw recovery is limited to 60–120 rpm and back pressure to 0.5–1.0 MPa, because excessive shear work increases melt temperature and triggers depolymerisation in the check valve and hot runner. Residence time above 210 °C should remain below 10 min; longer residence produces lactide reformation, a rise in melt mass-flow rate under ISO 1133-1:2022, and a corresponding loss of puncture resistance in fork tines. For crystallised knife blanks, a talc nucleating masterbatch is added at 2–5 wt%; this shifts the onset of cold crystallisation into the 95–105 °C band and reduces cycle time. Regrind content is limited to 20 wt% to keep the melt mass-flow rate shift below 15% after one heat history. Compliance for food-contact single-use articles rests on Commission Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 for overall migration and on EN 13432:2000 for industrially compostable packaging; disintegration is verified under ISO 20200:2023. Terminal products are multi-cavity forks, spoons, and knives with part mass between 3.5 g and 12 g, inspected for flash at the parting line and for cold-crack propagation after ejection.
| Processing variable | Amorphous cutlery | Crystallised knife blanks |
|---|---|---|
| Residual moisture before moulding | ≤250 ppm | ≤250 ppm |
| Barrel temperature profile | 175–195 °C feed to nozzle | 180–205 °C feed to nozzle |
| Melt temperature | 190–205 °C | 195–210 °C |
| Mould temperature | 25–35 °C | 90–110 °C |
| Injection pressure | 80–100 MPa | 90–120 MPa |
| Screw speed | 60–100 rpm | 60–120 rpm |
| Hold pressure switch-over | 95–98% fill | 96–99% fill |
Chilled dairy trays and produce clamshells are produced from PLA FY601 sheet extruded through a coat-hanger die with a 0.5–1.0 mm lip gap onto a vertical three-roll stack. Drying follows the same desiccant regime as injection moulding, with residual moisture held below 250 ppm. Sheet extrusion is maintained at a melt temperature of 190–205 °C; higher melt temperatures reduce die pressure but generate oligomer deposits on the lower roll within 4–6 h of continuous running. Polishing roll temperatures of 40–60 °C quench the web fast enough to keep crystallinity below 5%, measured by differential scanning calorimetry at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Thermoforming is confined to a surface-temperature band of 85–105 °C. Below 85 °C, the sheet develops stress whitening at tray corners; above 110 °C, uncontrolled crystallisation raises the cloudiness of transparent lids and increases part ejection shrinkage beyond 2.5%. The process uses plug-assisted forming with plug speed calibrated to 250 mm/s and draw ratios not exceeding 2.0:1. Antiblock masterbatch is incorporated at 0.5–1.5 wt% to prevent roll blocking and sheet sticking during preheating. Compliance for dairy punnets and produce clamshells is evaluated under Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 for food-contact migration and EN 13432:2000 for industrial compostability. Terminal products include 0.2–0.5 mm transparent punnets, hinged clamshells, and insert trays for chilled protein packs, each trimmed and stacked for automated case packing.
PLA FY601 filament production is run on a single-screw extruder with L/D 24:1 and a screw compression ratio of 2.5:1, followed by a melt pump and screen pack. Pellets are dried at 80 °C for 4 h to a moisture content below 200 ppm before a colour masterbatch is loaded at 2–5 wt%. Melt temperature at the die is held at 185–200 °C; melt pressure before the 100 µm filtration screen is maintained at 5–9 MPa. The die hole is 2.5 mm for 1.75 mm filament, giving a draw-down ratio of 2.0–2.5:1 through a water bath at 40–50 °C with an air gap of 10–20 mm. Closed-loop diameter control is required because a melt temperature shift of 3 °C changes die swell enough to move filament diameter by more than 0.03 mm. Laser micrometer feedback holds diameter at 1.75 ± 0.05 mm or 2.85 ± 0.10 mm; ovality is kept below 0.03 mm. Printed test coupons follow ASTM D638-14 Type IV and ISO 527-2:2012 Type 1BA at 0.2 mm layer height, three perimeters, and 100% infill. Typical printing parameters are nozzle temperature 200–215 °C, bed temperature 50–60 °C, and part cooling fan 30–60%. Annealing at 80–100 °C for 1–2 h raises the 0.45 MPa heat deflection temperature from approximately 55 °C to 85–100 °C depending on measured crystallinity. Filament storage requires sealed bags with desiccant and RH <20%; exposure to 60% RH for more than 48 h produces hydrolysis pitting and print surface defects. Compliance is anchored to REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 for chemical safety and to RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU when printed jigs and fixtures enter electrical or electronic assembly. Terminal products include assembly fixtures, prototype tooling, vacuum forming aids, and short-run manufacturing aids for non-food use.
| Filament metric | Target band | Failure threshold |
|---|---|---|
| Residual moisture after drying | <200 ppm | >300 ppm hydrolysis pitting |
| Melt temperature at die | 185–200 °C | <180 °C melt fracture; >210 °C brittle filament |
| Melt pressure before screen pack | 5–9 MPa | >12 MPa gel build-up |
| Laser diameter deviation | ±0.05 mm | ±0.08 mm print feed stall |
| Ovality | <0.03 mm | >0.05 mm inconsistent extrusion width |
A 10–30 wt% talc masterbatch based on PLA FY601 is melt-blended on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with L/D 40:1 and a side feeder at barrel zone 6. The carrier resin is dried to <250 ppm moisture before compounding. Melt temperature is held at 190–210 °C; filler addition is metered to maintain specific energy between 0.15–0.25 kWh/kg and screw torque below 75%. Dispersion quality is checked by ash content according to ISO 3451-1:2019 and by pressure rise across a 100 µm melt filter. High free lactic acid caused by hydrolysis reduces the molecular weight of the carrier and produces a viscosity mismatch with let-down PLA, visible as filler agglomerates in injection moulded surfaces. Amine-based processing aids are excluded because they accelerate ester hydrolysis and shift melt pH; if a coupling agent is used, addition is limited to 0.5–1.0 wt% and the grade is selected from epoxy-functionalised materials that do not form gels at 200 °C. Final compounded pellet melt mass-flow rate is verified under ISO 1133-1:2022, and tensile modulus is tested under ISO 527-2:2012. Compliance for compounds intended for compostable rigid packaging is assessed under EN 13432:2000; chemical safety is documented under REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. Terminal products include talc-filled PLA compounds for cutlery, rigid containers, and horticultural clips. Published data on FY601-specific filler dispersion at full production scale is limited; the above bands are starting points, and line trials should establish final set points.
Injection moulded lids for cold beverage cups are moulded from PLA FY601 at a melt temperature of 195–205 °C and a mould temperature of 25–35 °C. Wall thickness is held at 0.7–1.0 mm, and the part is designed with a tear-off skirt and stacking lug rather than a living hinge, because PLA FY601 does not survive repeated flex cycling at the same elongation as HIPS. The material is dried to <250 ppm moisture before moulding; failure to do so produces gate blush and a shift in melt mass-flow rate measured under ISO 1133-1:2022. Injection speed is set in the 30–60 mm/s range to avoid jetting through the large circular gate; hold pressure is 35–50 MPa for a lid tool with a projected area of 450–600 cm². Regrind content is limited to 15 wt% to keep lid rim stiffness within the original lot specification. Compliance is assessed under Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 for food-contact plastics, EN 13432:2000 for compostability, and REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. Terminal products are cold-cup lids in 80 mm and 90 mm diameter formats; these are not rated for hot beverage service because the amorphous heat deflection temperature under 0.45 MPa load remains near 55 °C unless post-mould annealing is applied, which increases parth shrinkage beyond acceptable lid fit tolerance.
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BBCA Polylactic Acid (PLA) FY601 is a poly(L-lactic acid) injection-molding grade supplied in pellet form. The resin is produced by ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide, with a controlled minor D-isomer content used to adjust crystallization behavior. When conditioned at 23 °C and 50 % relative humidity, the material has a nominal density of 1.24 g/cm³ when tested according to ISO 1183-1:2019, a melt mass-flow rate positioned in the general-purpose injection-molding range at 190 °C under a 2.16 kg load per ISO 1133-1:2022, and a melting peak near 175 °C by differential scanning calorimetry under ISO 11357-3:2018. The grade designation FY601 identifies a material distinct from higher-flow thin-wall grades and from higher-molecular-weight extrusion and film grades. All numerical values cited in this document are representative published data or typical lot-release values; the certificate of analysis for the specific production batch remains the controlling document.
In capillary rheometry performed according to ISO 11443:2021, FY601 displays pseudoplastic flow behavior: apparent viscosity decreases as shear rate increases, and the shear-rate dependence is more pronounced above 100 s⁻¹. Injection-molding grades in this product family are typically specified with a melt mass-flow rate from 5 g/10 min to 15 g/10 min at 190 °C and 2.16 kg, whereas extrusion and thermoforming grades are commonly specified below 5 g/10 min. This difference lowers melt viscosity and reduces injection-pressure demand in multi-cavity tooling, but it also reduces melt strength. Compared with high-flow thin-wall grades specified at 15 g/10 min to 30 g/10 min, FY601 retains higher molecular weight and generally higher notched impact strength but requires higher injection pressure for equivalent flow length. Batch-to-batch variation in melt mass-flow rate should be monitored because shifts in lot viscosity can alter fill time, part mass, and gate freeze behavior. Published capillary viscosity master curves for this specific commercial configuration are limited; processing decisions should be based on lot-specific melt mass-flow rate, in-mold pressure measurement, and actual tool trials.
Under short-term tensile loading, lot-release testing of FY601 is commonly conducted according to ISO 527-2:2012 using Type 1A specimens. Tensile yield strength is typically reported between 55 MPa and 65 MPa, tensile modulus between 3000 MPa and 3500 MPa, and elongation at break between 2 % and 6 %. Flexural modulus determined by ISO 178:2019 at 2 mm/min is typically recorded from 3200 MPa to 3600 MPa. Notched Charpy impact strength at 23 °C under ISO 179-1:2010 is generally between 2 kJ/m² and 4 kJ/m², indicating predominantly brittle failure at ambient temperature. The heat deflection temperature under 0.45 MPa, method B of ISO 75-2:2013, is typically measured at 55 °C to 60 °C for non-annealed specimens. Annealing at 100 °C for 1 h can raise the value by 10 °C to 20 °C through cold crystallization, but this also increases shrinkage and must be incorporated into tool compensation and dimensional tolerances. These values are not acceptance criteria by themselves; the supplier certificate of analysis is the controlling document for lot release.
Hydrolysis during melt processing is the principal failure mode for PLA. Residual moisture above 250 ppm causes molecular-weight reduction, a fall in melt viscosity, splay, and reduced impact strength. Pellets should be dried at 80 °C for 4 h in a desiccant dryer with a dew point no higher than −40 °C, and the residual moisture should be verified by ISO 15512:2019. Hot-air drying at ambient humidity is generally insufficient because equilibrium moisture in PLA at 23 °C and 60 % relative humidity can exceed the processing tolerance. Drying above 100 °C risks pellet agglomeration in the hopper and should be avoided.
At the nozzle, melt temperature should be maintained between 180 °C and 210 °C. Above 230 °C, thermal degradation accelerates through random chain scission and lactide reformation; the melt viscosity drops sharply, and the liberated lactide can produce bubbles, streaks, and weak weld lines. In production-scale reciprocating-screw injection molding, barrel residence time should be kept below 15 min, and below 10 min when a hot runner is used. Screw geometries with a compression ratio of 2.0:1 to 2.5:1 and a low-shear metering section reduce shear heating and local temperature overshoot. Shot size should occupy 30 % to 70 % of the barrel capacity to limit residence-time distribution. Mold temperatures of 20 °C to 40 °C are common for amorphous surface finish and fast cycle time. If higher heat deflection is required, mold temperatures of 100 °C to 120 °C promote crystallization, but this creates a process conflict: longer cooling time is required, and the risk of sticking and part deformation increases if demolding occurs before adequate crystallinity has developed. For this reason, post-mold annealing is often used instead of high-temperature molding when the production geometry permits.
When wall thickness falls below 0.8 mm or flow-length-to-thickness ratios exceed 150:1, the injection pressure required with a general-purpose grade may exceed the press capacity. A high-flow PLA grade with a melt mass-flow rate from 15 g/10 min to 30 g/10 min may reduce fill pressure, but it can also reduce impact strength and increase sensitivity to hydrolysis during regrind. The following comparative ranges are representative of published PLA injection-molding data and are not a specification for any particular production lot.
| Property | Test method | FY601 general-purpose injection | High-flow thin-wall injection | Extrusion/thermoforming grade |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Melt mass-flow rate | ISO 1133-1:2022, 190 °C, 2.16 kg | 5–15 g/10 min | 15–30 g/10 min | <5 g/10 min |
| Tensile yield strength | ISO 527-2:2012 | 55–65 MPa | 55–65 MPa | 60–70 MPa |
| Flexural modulus | ISO 178:2019 | 3200–3600 MPa | 3200–3600 MPa | 3300–3700 MPa |
| Notched Charpy impact | ISO 179-1:2010, 23 °C | 2–4 kJ/m² | 1.5–3 kJ/m² | 3–5 kJ/m² |
| Heat deflection temperature | ISO 75-2:2013, method B, 0.45 MPa | 55–60 °C | 55–60 °C | 55–60 °C |
Before selecting FY601 for thin-wall applications, mold-filling simulation should be run with the measured lot viscosity, and a production trial should compare shot weight, peak cavity pressure, gate freeze time, and part mass. If the trial reveals fill pressure above 70 % of the machine maximum or cycle-time loss due to prolonged hold pressure, a higher-flow grade may be appropriate. Clamp force demand for PLA is commonly estimated at 3 kN/cm² to 7 kN/cm² of projected area; insufficient clamp force produces flash at the parting line and inconsistent cavity pressure.
Typical application areas for FY601 are rigid injection-molded articles in packaging, consumer goods, cosmetic containers, office accessories, and non-load-bearing technical components. In food-contact evaluations, the finished article—not the resin alone—must be assessed under the applicable regulation. For European Union plastics intended for contact with food, migration testing is conducted under Regulation (EU) No 10/2011 using food simulants specified in Annex III; lactic acid and any additives must not exceed the relevant specific migration limits. For United States food-contact use, the grade must be covered by a suitable Food and Drug Administration status such as a food-contact notification or equivalently established authorization. No food-contact claim should be made without a written supplier compliance statement for the specific grade and batch. For industrial compostability of articles, testing is performed under EN 13432 or ASTM D6400; FY601 as a resin is not a finished compostable article, and the disintegration and biodegradation results depend on article thickness and design.
| Requirement | Standard or regulation | Test / clause | Typical lot-release documentation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melt mass-flow rate | ISO 1133-1:2022 | 190 °C, 2.16 kg | Reported on certificate |
| Density | ISO 1183-1:2019 | Method A, immersion | Reported on certificate |
| Moisture content | ISO 15512:2019 | Karl Fischer, dried pellet | ≤250 ppm before processing |
| Tensile properties | ISO 527-2:2012 | Type 1A, 5 mm/min | Reported on certificate |
| Flexural properties | ISO 178:2019 | 2 mm/min | Reported on certificate |
| Heat deflection temperature | ISO 75-2:2013 | Method B, 0.45 MPa | Reported on certificate |
| Charpy impact strength | ISO 179-1:2010 | Notched, 23 °C | Reported on certificate |
| REACH SVHC declaration | Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 | Article 33; substance screening | Supplier declaration |
| RoHS restriction | Directive 2011/65/EU | Annex II restricted substances | Supplier declaration |
Processing regrind can be used only after verification of molecular weight retention and moisture content. Uncontrolled regrind fractions above 30 % may reduce viscosity and impact strength; the exact limit depends on the number of heat histories and the drying conditions during reprocessing. Incompatibility with hot alkaline washing solutions and with certain amine-containing additives should be considered in end-use and cleaning operations.
